arduino学习笔记26 4位数码管实验

SYDZ__顺 · 发表于 2012-4-28 19:32:30

这次我们进行的实验是使用arduino驱动一块共阳四位数码管。驱动数码管限流电阻肯定是必不可少的，限流电阻有两种接法，一种是在d1-d4阳极接，总共接4颗。这种接法好处是需求电阻比较少，但是会产生每一位上显示不同数字亮度会不一样，1最亮，8最暗。另外一种接法就是在其他8个引脚上接，这种接法亮度显示均匀，但是用电阻较多。本次实验使用8颗220Ω电阻（因为没有100Ω电阻，所以使用220Ω的代替，100欧姆亮度会比较高）。

下图为4位数码管

4位数码管总共有12个引脚，小数点朝下正放在面前时，左下角为1,其他管脚顺序为逆时针旋转。左上角为最大的12号管脚。

下图为数码管的说明手册

下面是硬件连接图

把下面的代码复制下载到控制板中，看看效果。

1. //设置阴极接口

2. int a = 1;

3. int b = 2;

4. int c = 3;

5. int d = 4;

6. int e = 5;

7. int f = 6;

8. int g = 7;

9. int p = 8;

10. //设置阳极接口

11. int d4 = 9;

12. int d3 = 10;

13. int d2 = 11;

14. int d1 = 12;

15. //设置变量

16. int del = 100;

17. int buttoncount = 0;

18. int loopcount = 0;

19.

20. void setup()

21. {

22. pinMode(d1, OUTPUT);

23. pinMode(d2, OUTPUT);

24. pinMode(d3, OUTPUT);

25. pinMode(d4, OUTPUT);

26. pinMode(a, OUTPUT);

27. pinMode(b, OUTPUT);

28. pinMode(c, OUTPUT);

29. pinMode(d, OUTPUT);

30. pinMode(e, OUTPUT);

31. pinMode(f, OUTPUT);

32. pinMode(g, OUTPUT);

33. pinMode(p, OUTPUT);

34. digitalWrite(a, HIGH);

35. digitalWrite(b, HIGH);

36. digitalWrite(c, HIGH);

37. digitalWrite(d, HIGH);

38. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

39. digitalWrite(f, HIGH);

40. digitalWrite(g, HIGH);

41. digitalWrite(p, HIGH);

42. }

43.

44. void loop()

45. {

46. roulette(4); //轮转效果

47. delay(100);

48. zigzag(2); //Z字型效果

49. delay(100);

50. circles(4); //圈状效果

51. delay(100);

52. }

53.

54. void pickDigit(int x) //定义pickDigit(x),其作用是开启dx端口

55. {

56. digitalWrite(d1, LOW);

57. digitalWrite(d2, LOW);

58. digitalWrite(d3, LOW);

59. digitalWrite(d4, LOW);

60.

61. switch(x)

62. {

63. case 1:

64. digitalWrite(d1, HIGH);

65. break;

66. case 2:

67. digitalWrite(d2, HIGH);

68. break;

69. case 3:

70. digitalWrite(d3, HIGH);

71. break;

72. default:

73. digitalWrite(d4, HIGH);

74. break;

75. }

76. }

77.

78. void clearLEDs() //清屏

79. {

80. digitalWrite(a, HIGH);

81. digitalWrite(b, HIGH);

82. digitalWrite(c, HIGH);

83. digitalWrite(d, HIGH);

84. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

85. digitalWrite(f, HIGH);

86. digitalWrite(g, HIGH);

87. digitalWrite(p, HIGH);

88. }

89.

90. void roulette(int x) //设置轮转效果

91. {

92. loopcount = 0;

93. while (loopcount < x)

94. {

95. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

96. pickDigit(1);

97. delay(del);

98. pickDigit(2);

99. delay(del);

100. pickDigit(3);

101. delay(del);

102. pickDigit(4);

103. delay(del);

104. digitalWrite(a, HIGH);

105. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

106. delay(del);

107. digitalWrite(b, HIGH);

108. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

109. delay(del);

110. digitalWrite(c, HIGH);

111. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

112. delay(del);

113. pickDigit(3);

114. delay(del);

115. pickDigit(2);

116. delay(del);

117. pickDigit(1);

118. delay(del);

119. digitalWrite(d, HIGH);

120. digitalWrite(e, LOW);

121. delay(del);

122. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

123. digitalWrite(f, LOW);

124. delay(del);

125. clearLEDs();

126. loopcount++;

127. }

128. }

129.

130. void zigzag(int x) //设置Z字形效果

131. {

132. loopcount = 0;

133. while(loopcount < x)

134. {

135. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

136. pickDigit(1);

137. delay(del);

138. pickDigit(2);

139. delay(del);

140. pickDigit(3);

141. delay(del);

142. pickDigit(4);

143. delay(del);

144. digitalWrite(a, HIGH);

145. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

146. delay(del);

147. digitalWrite(b, HIGH);

148. digitalWrite(g, LOW);

149. delay(del);

150. pickDigit(3);

151. delay(del);

152. pickDigit(2);

153. delay(del);

154. pickDigit(1);

155. delay(del);

156. digitalWrite(g, HIGH);

157. digitalWrite(e, LOW);

158. delay(del);

159. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

160. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

161. delay(del);

162. pickDigit(2);

163. delay(del);

164. pickDigit(3);

165. delay(del);

166. pickDigit(4);

167. delay(del);

168. digitalWrite(d, HIGH);

169. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

170. delay(del);

171. digitalWrite(c, HIGH);

172. digitalWrite(g, LOW);

173. delay(del);

174. pickDigit(3);

175. delay(del);

176. pickDigit(2);

177. delay(del);

178. pickDigit(1);

179. delay(del);

180. digitalWrite(g, HIGH);

181. digitalWrite(f, LOW);

182. delay(del);

183. clearLEDs();

184. loopcount++;

185. }

186. }

187.

188. void circles(int x) //设置圈状效果

189. {

190. loopcount = 0;

191. while (loopcount < x)

192. {

193. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

194. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

195. digitalWrite(f, LOW);

196. digitalWrite(g, LOW);

197. pickDigit(1);

198. delay(250);

199. digitalWrite(a, HIGH);

200. digitalWrite(b, HIGH);

201. digitalWrite(f, HIGH);

202. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

203. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

204. digitalWrite(e, LOW);

205. pickDigit(2);

206. delay(250);

207. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

208. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

209. digitalWrite(f, LOW);

210. digitalWrite(c, HIGH);

211. digitalWrite(d, HIGH);

212. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

213. pickDigit(3);

214. delay(250);

215. digitalWrite(a, HIGH);

216. digitalWrite(b, HIGH);

217. digitalWrite(f, HIGH);

218. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

219. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

220. digitalWrite(e, LOW);

221. pickDigit(4);

222. delay(250);

223. clearLEDs();

224. loopcount++;

225. }

226. }

复制代码

上面代码效果如下，为3种花样组成。

再把下面代码复制下载到控制板中，看看效果。

1. //设置阴极接口

2. int a = 1;

3. int b = 2;

4. int c = 3;

5. int d = 4;

6. int e = 5;

7. int f = 6;

8. int g = 7;

9. int p = 8;

10. //设置阳极接口

11. int d4 = 9;

12. int d3 = 10;

13. int d2 = 11;

14. int d1 = 12;

15. //设置变量

16. long n = 0;

17. int x = 100;

18. int del = 55; //此处数值对时钟进行微调

19.

20. void setup()

21. {

22. pinMode(d1, OUTPUT);

23. pinMode(d2, OUTPUT);

24. pinMode(d3, OUTPUT);

25. pinMode(d4, OUTPUT);

26. pinMode(a, OUTPUT);

27. pinMode(b, OUTPUT);

28. pinMode(c, OUTPUT);

29. pinMode(d, OUTPUT);

30. pinMode(e, OUTPUT);

31. pinMode(f, OUTPUT);

32. pinMode(g, OUTPUT);

33. pinMode(p, OUTPUT);

34. }

35.

36. void loop()

37. {

38. clearLEDs();

39. pickDigit(1);

40. pickNumber((n/x/1000)%10);

41. delayMicroseconds(del);

42.

43. clearLEDs();

44. pickDigit(2);

45. pickNumber((n/x/100)%10);

46. delayMicroseconds(del);

47.

48. clearLEDs();

49. pickDigit(3);

50. dispDec(3);

51. pickNumber((n/x/10)%10);

52. delayMicroseconds(del);

53.

54. clearLEDs();

55. pickDigit(4);

56. pickNumber(n/x%10);

57. delayMicroseconds(del);

58.

59. n++;

60.

61. if (digitalRead(13) == HIGH)

62. {

63. n = 0;

64. }

65. }

66.

67. void pickDigit(int x) //定义pickDigit(x),其作用是开启dx端口

68. {

69. digitalWrite(d1, LOW);

70. digitalWrite(d2, LOW);

71. digitalWrite(d3, LOW);

72. digitalWrite(d4, LOW);

73.

74. switch(x)

75. {

76. case 1:

77. digitalWrite(d1, HIGH);

78. break;

79. case 2:

80. digitalWrite(d2, HIGH);

81. break;

82. case 3:

83. digitalWrite(d3, HIGH);

84. break;

85. default:

86. digitalWrite(d4, HIGH);

87. break;

88. }

89. }

90.

91. void pickNumber(int x) //定义pickNumber(x),其作用是显示数字x

92. {

93. switch(x)

94. {

95. default:

96. zero();

97. break;

98. case 1:

99. one();

100. break;

101. case 2:

102. two();

103. break;

104. case 3:

105. three();

106. break;

107. case 4:

108. four();

109. break;

110. case 5:

111. five();

112. break;

113. case 6:

114. six();

115. break;

116. case 7:

117. seven();

118. break;

119. case 8:

120. eight();

121. break;

122. case 9:

123. nine();

124. break;

125. }

126. }

127.

128. void dispDec(int x) //设定开启小数点

129. {

130. digitalWrite(p, LOW);

131. }

132.

133. void clearLEDs() //清屏

134. {

135. digitalWrite(a, HIGH);

136. digitalWrite(b, HIGH);

137. digitalWrite(c, HIGH);

138. digitalWrite(d, HIGH);

139. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

140. digitalWrite(f, HIGH);

141. digitalWrite(g, HIGH);

142. digitalWrite(p, HIGH);

143. }

144.

145. void zero() //定义数字0时阴极那些管脚开关

146. {

147. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

148. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

149. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

150. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

151. digitalWrite(e, LOW);

152. digitalWrite(f, LOW);

153. digitalWrite(g, HIGH);

154. }

155.

156. void one() //定义数字1时阴极那些管脚开关

157. {

158. digitalWrite(a, HIGH);

159. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

160. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

161. digitalWrite(d, HIGH);

162. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

163. digitalWrite(f, HIGH);

164. digitalWrite(g, HIGH);

165. }

166.

167. void two() //定义数字2时阴极那些管脚开关

168. {

169. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

170. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

171. digitalWrite(c, HIGH);

172. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

173. digitalWrite(e, LOW);

174. digitalWrite(f, HIGH);

175. digitalWrite(g, LOW);

176. }

177.

178. void three() //定义数字3时阴极那些管脚开关

179. {

180. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

181. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

182. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

183. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

184. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

185. digitalWrite(f, HIGH);

186. digitalWrite(g, LOW);

187. }

188.

189. void four() //定义数字4时阴极那些管脚开关

190. {

191. digitalWrite(a, HIGH);

192. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

193. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

194. digitalWrite(d, HIGH);

195. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

196. digitalWrite(f, LOW);

197. digitalWrite(g, LOW);

198. }

199.

200. void five() //定义数字5时阴极那些管脚开关

201. {

202. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

203. digitalWrite(b, HIGH);

204. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

205. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

206. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

207. digitalWrite(f, LOW);

208. digitalWrite(g, LOW);

209. }

210.

211. void six() //定义数字6时阴极那些管脚开关

212. {

213. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

214. digitalWrite(b, HIGH);

215. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

216. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

217. digitalWrite(e, LOW);

218. digitalWrite(f, LOW);

219. digitalWrite(g, LOW);

220. }

221.

222. void seven() //定义数字7时阴极那些管脚开关

223. {

224. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

225. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

226. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

227. digitalWrite(d, HIGH);

228. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

229. digitalWrite(f, HIGH);

230. digitalWrite(g, HIGH);

231. }

232.

233. void eight() //定义数字8时阴极那些管脚开关

234. {

235. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

236. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

237. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

238. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

239. digitalWrite(e, LOW);

240. digitalWrite(f, LOW);

241. digitalWrite(g, LOW);

242. }

243.

244. void nine() //定义数字9时阴极那些管脚开关

245. {

246. digitalWrite(a, LOW);

247. digitalWrite(b, LOW);

248. digitalWrite(c, LOW);

249. digitalWrite(d, LOW);

250. digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

251. digitalWrite(f, LOW);

252. digitalWrite(g, LOW);

253. }

复制代码

这次的代码为简易的秒表，效果如下，精准度不是很高，需要大家微调参数。

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